Multiplier spice model. 1, we will use the commercially available D1N418 pn-junction diode whose SPICE model parameters are available in PSpice. ESENSOR models this feedback device. This model will operate in DC, AC, and Transient analysis modes. 82 mA, a ratio of 1. Thanks for your help. Introduction. 36 (9) 2005-2010 (Sept 1989) and my comment on it was published in 1991. The program SRD. The effective value of a small capacitor C1 is increased to a much larger value, The capacitance seen at Vout is: Cout = C1 * R1/R3. To define multiple instances of a model in a device symbol: Ctrl + right-click the symbol to edit the component attributes. The low impedance output voltage is a nominal 10 V full scale provided by a buried Zener. John Maynard Keynes’ Keynesian multiplier theory explains how government spending can lead to increased overall income, with implications for economic The proposed substrate model is located between substrate contacts in NMOS transistors of VCO (3 contacts) and some of NMOS transistors of multiplier (9 contacts) and a contact to digital ground. Please help Terahertz frequency multiplier is very important for terahertz transceiver front-end to achieve terahertz high-speed wireless communication. Its differential X, Y, and Z inputs allow configuration as a multiplier, squarer, divider, square-rooter, and other functions while maintaining high accuracy. ZIP (31 KB) - TINA-TI Spice Model. The Add Multiplier subcommand places a multiplier on the currently selected node. of my Website, with Improper modeling syntax corrected by Jim Thompson on 2015_01_16: * " subcircuit definitions cannot; be nested. I had found it in a chinese tracker but you needed invitation to join it. The macro basically implements the transfer function of the multiplier given in page one of the data sheet. Apr 9, 2024 · Types of multipliers include the fiscal multiplier, investment multiplier, earnings multiplier, equity multiplier, and the fractional reserve money multiplier, each serving distinct purposes. 01 V / deg C. See full list on pspice. Voltage Multiplier Review. A short tutorial on the basics of the Gilbert Cell - a very popular analog four-quadrant multiplier circuit that has a wide variety of applications ranging f SPICE Models for Diodes. Free to use, QSPICE offers significantly better SPICE basics, supports vast amounts of digital logic without performance penalties, and provides the Precision IC Multiplier Data Sheet AD534 Rev. Feb 21, 2024 · Refer to the 11. DD vs. On this page, find links to SPICE models of various electronic components to meet your modeling needs, optimizing circuit simulations with ease and precision. Right now, I'm using the following circuit as a model; I tried to roughly model it around one for a diode, since this essentially functions similar to one. zip) on the Device Models & Subcircuits Page of my Website, adding in the Spice model for RNOISELESS, and also an LTspice schematic symbol. MC1495L : Wideband Linear Four-Quadrant Multiplier (AA SPICE Model AD734 SPICE Macro Model Rev. We will make the information available to you as soon as possible. The most basic multiplier is a half-wave doubler. It has an accuracy of 0. It is specified to operate over the 0°C to 70°C commercial temperature range (J Grade) or the −40°C to +85°C industrial temperature range (A Grade). Mar 8, 2017 · The model properties are manually set to the appropriate values consistent with the published Metelics (now MACOM) diode that was selected for this design. He could show that the interaction of the accelerator with the Apr 5, 2020 · A SPICE model that was created 40 years ago can still be perfectly viable and good today. AD632: Internally Trimmed Precision IC Multiplier Data Sheet (Rev. * M1 = Current mirror multiplier to adjust oscillator frequency * M2 = Current mirror multiplier to adjust oscillator frequency *The provided portion of the CD4046 SPICE model defines a subcircuit with the following parameters: * r1, r2, ce1, ce2, vcoout, demout, inhibit, zener, vdd, vss are the subcircuit component nodes. Highly-Linear Multiplier Output With Internal UCC28070 TINA-TI Spice Average Model. Sep 24, 2020 · You are using a model of a quasi-real diode, modelled with internal dynamic resistance, which changes with current. 3. added (AD834_SPICE_Model. SUBCKT statement cannot appear in the SRD model, a method of abating the nonlinearity of the model is proposed and with proper modeling of the diode, a detailed study of the SRD multiplier has been analyzed. The Concept of Investment Multiplier: The theory of multiplier occupies an important place in the modern theory of income and employment. 9 BSIM2 model (level 5) and 31. sp file must be a comment line or be left blank. SLUM329. Please import the same to LTSpice. Instead one port, the “LO” port, is driven by an local oscillator with a fixed amplitude sinusoid. Dec 7, 2010 · I was looking for the SPICE models for TI chips MPY634, DAC7821 etc. This model permits analysis of harmonic generator circuits with greater generality and can be directly used in commercial circuit simulation for Samuelson's Multiplier Accelerator Interaction Model! The principle of acceleration working by itself is perhaps not much forceful but recently it has attained more importance in the trade cycle theory by its alliance with the multiplier principle. MVL enables using at least two logical values, thereby decreasing interconnections, area Dec 17, 2019 · The typical oxide thickness parameters for the n-channel and p-channel MOS transistors are 4 nm. MOSFET P-ch Lev6 (P-channel MOSFET MOS6 Model) Refer to the 11. To set a node's model, select it and use the Set Spice Model command (in menu Tools / Simulation (Spice)). By reducing the nonlinearity of the SRD model to an appropriate extent, the simulation and optimization of SRD frequency multipliers can be carried out more easily and faster. Comrades, in this video, I have demonstrated the procedure of designing a schematic of 2x1 Mux in LT Spice and how to add components from the library. . In the Sim Model dialog, set the Model Kind to General and the Model Sub-Kind to Generic Editor. Figure 1a shows a simple SPICE circuit that tests for SRD action using I F = 10 mA and I R = 5. Investing The Keynesian model, I have no idea what the multiplier does, in fact if have never used this at all in 16 years. Apr 1, 2023 · You can use analog multiplier IC's like AD633. Qorvo’s QSPICE™ for analog and mixed signal simulation gives power designers the ability to evaluate their designs with complete confidence in the results. The scale factor is pretrimmed to the standard value of 10. 6. It generates the linear product of its X and Y voltage inputs with a −3 dB output bandwidth of 250 MHz (a small signal rise time of 1 ns). Circuit topology of analog SPICE behavioral We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The DC model is the same as a level 1 monolithic MOSFET except that the length and width default to one so that transconductance can be directly specified without scaling. May 14, 2020 · Does LTspice have such functionality? I want to multiply two voltage waveforms with each other by an ideal multiplier. 47 K SPICE Model AD734A SPICE Macro Model Rev. Electron Devices vol. I would just create a folder structure on your local computer and store the TSM/TSC files in the structure. 5. cir but i don't know how to tranform it to create a component which could be use with the graphic interface. Jan 16, 2015 · A Spice Model for the ADI 500MHz Four-Quadrant Multiplier has been. these memory devices can be used to model effectively natural phenomena down to the nanometer scale, because at the nanoscale the dynamical properties MT-079 previously in Figure 6) is the classic example of a four-quadrant multiplier based on the Gilbert Cell. Unless the IC itself has changed, the old SPICE model is just as good as it was when it was first made. AD734 model permits multiplier functions to be simulated in system applications. Conclusions. The model pa-rameters of primary M= is used as a multiplier of component values in SPICE to effectively create multiple parallel copies of SPICE components. The AD834 is a monolithic, laser-trimmed four-quadrant analog multiplier intended for use in high frequency applications, with a transconductance bandwidth (RL = 50 Ω) in excess of 500 MHz from either Oct 8, 2003 · Hi, I would want to use the AD633(multiplier) in LTspice as a graphic component (like the other component included in ltspice) i downloaded the file . is available in 8-lead PDIP and SOIC packages. For this purpose, one can consider using multiple-valued logic (MVL) and emerging low-power technologies. 4). "Comment on 'Computer aided simulation study of Yes unfortunatelly most of the Spice models i have come across aren't accurate enough to work properly and the link for the ADS model given by Keysight is down. Simulation model. The Z input allows a signal to be added directly to the output. We can find the Keynesian multiplier model under various names in different economics textbooks. Diode Properties. It should be cautioned that figures from economic models, such as IO models, are often presented as fact. Besides operational-amplifier and voltage-reference macro models, the latest SPICE Model Library diskette from Analog Devices includes a model of the AD734, a monolithic wideband, 4-quadrant analog multiplier. A fallback strategy is to build a SPICE model from those parameters listed on the data sheet. quadrant analog multiplier. to get a proper answer. Generalizing the concept of memory devices to capacitor the memcapacitor is the device whose capacitance depends on the state and history of the system, furthermore this device can store energy. The new multiplier core eliminates these misalignments by offering symmetric signal paths for both X and Y inputs. This can be used to cancel a carrier or to apply a static offset voltage. Table below lists the model parameters for some selected diodes. zip) to the Device Models & Subcircuits Page. pdf At least one manufacturer of step recovery diodes does publish approximate SPICE models of their parts, though SPICE cannot represent the diode's transition time. zip) to the Device Models & Subcircuits Page of my Website, with * Improper modeling syntax corrected by Jim Thompson on 2015_01_16: * * " subcircuit definitions cannot * be nested. 67 K SPICE Model AD734B SPICE Macro Model Rev. The model suggested by vfone looks promising ,i'll give it a shot on tuesday and tell you the results! Through the study of the step recovery diode (SRD) models,a method for improving the efficiency of CAD of SRD frequency multipliers is proposed. 00 V; by means of an external resistor, this can be reduced to values as low as 3 V. SUBCKT statement cannot appear in the A new intrinsic spice device was written that encapsulates this behavior in the interest of compute speed, reliability of convergence, and simplicity of writing models. How to express the dynamic information, i. A new accurate electrical model is developed to simulate, validate, and predict the output response of SiPM detectors. It suggests that initial changes in investment or autonomous spending can have a multiplied effect on the overall level of economic activity, leading to […] Mar 12, 2024 · The Keynesian multiplier is a ratio that indicates how much output (Y) will change if an exogenous component of aggregate demand (AD) changes by 1 unit. 2 DC Analysis Sep 13, 2017 · To check the default values of the supplied 2-input multiplier, open the appropriate sub-circuit (. 67 K LTspice AD734 - Analog Functions 1. The AD835 is a complete four-quadrant, voltage output analog multiplier, fabricated on an advanced dielectrically isolated complementary bipolar process. The model and SPICE simulations have not considered input impedance, which is different from the condition for measurement. A. B, 4/92 4. Stephane Jul 27, 2004 · I have some Semtech models for a process dating from the vintage of the 1496, and would probably suffice, but I was hoping for a subcircuit specifically done for the circuit. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright (such as PSpice) include in their libraries the model parameters of some of the popular off-the-shelf components. Many many SPICE models use the Gummel-Poon transistor models, which are at least half a century old, and they are just as valid as they were then. A capacitance multiplier circuit is implemented with an operational amplifier opa725. Sep 28, 2006 · It is the first multiplier to offer fully differential, high impedance operation on all inputs, including the Z input, a feature that greatly increases its flexibility and ease of use. The finger parameter on the other hand is very helpful if you want to draw big transistors. However, the poster could not provide sufficient information about his inputs, component models etc. Over 40 Years of High Voltage Solutions High Voltage Diodes andHigh Voltage Power Supplies Advanced Performance Innovative Solutions Powerful Results Over 40 Years of High Voltage Solutions High Voltage Diodes andHigh Voltage Power Supplies Advanced Performance Innovative Solutions Powerful Results SOLUTIONS. 52n, and a behavioural source with that exact expression, you'll see this:. The output capacitance can be verified with the cutoff frequency of […] Model Data (Sparameters) MA44769-287T_SPICE_MODEL. It includes high impedance, differential X and Y inputs, and a high impedance summing input (Z). 7 billion, then the multiplier would have a value of 1. Oct 19, 2017 · I am aware there was a similar problem posed in the following link: Analog multiplier using logarithmic and anti-logarithmic opamp issue. Nov 2, 2019 · The fiscal multiplier effect occurs when an initial injection into the economy causes a bigger final increase in national income. A collection of SPICE simulation models for Analog Devices' products. have entered. 0V Figures Jul 2, 2021 · Ironically, most vendors start with a SPICE model of these drivers or receivers but translate to the IBIS model to protect their intellectual property. We use Spectre SPICE simulator of Cadence and BSIM4 compact model for simulation purpose. Multiplier is a behavioral block that performs the mathematical task of multiplying the two inputs, and returns the product as the output. All simulations are performed assuming room temperature. I recommend performing an IBIS simulation in PSpice in four steps: Step 1. Sep 13, 2017 · With the exception of the Multiplier and Summer functions (which are sub-circuit based variations of the models available in XSpice), the SPICE prefix for theses models is A. The concept of multiplier was first of all developed by F. The . You can view the content of this file for the model specified on the Model Kind tab of the Sim Model dialog, by clicking on the Model File tab at the bottom of the dialog. 2 of ngspice v32 manual). Notice: HSpice is case insensitive. However, this is inaccurate given the level of assumptions that feed into models. Description. g. Inside the schematic there is a note that explains the limitations of the model. Multiplier (and comb generator) circuits are reactively terminated at the higher-order harmonics at the output port. zip; Application Notes. PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1. Professor Samuelson has built a model of multiplier- accelerator interaction. 2. sp" Aug 26, 2019 · For example, the Scottish Government IO model has an environmental extension that makes it possible to estimate Greenhouse Gas Emission effects. The money multiplier is a key concept in modern fractional Nov 18, 2018 · Obviously, you could build a subcircuit for a complete CMOS analog mux out of MOSFETs if you need that level of detail. Synchronous Decade Rate Multiplier. In Unit 4, we integrate supply-side and demand-side models to explain how shocks are transmitted, thereby generating business cycles characterized by Sep 13, 2017 · The netlist format for a PSpice model in one of the above forms should be specified using the Generic Editor. , transient information of switching VT tables of IBIS model into analog SPICE behavioral model is the critical problem in the model generation. The technology is in tsmcN16 and library is defined Another option that can be used when modeling transistors and other component is to set a specific Spice model to use for that component. 2. For example, if the government increased spending by £1 billion but this caused real GDP to increase by a total of £1. SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) is an open-source program for simulating electrical circuits. Download. D Document Feedback Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. from publication: Evaluation of Memristor Emulator for Memristor Circuit Applications in SPICE Simulator | This work presents Feb 25, 2015 · Comparisons of the proposed model with SPICE simulation results as well as other models are also provided for validation. But Keynes later further refined it. It's spice model is available in Analog devices website. Rail-to-Rail, Very Fast, 2. Multipliers are often used for signal processing applications. All of the XSpice analog models can be found in the Simulation Special Function integrated library ( \Library\Simulation\Simulation Special Function. Kahn developed the concept of We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. i i D v D C D R S D I S e v D nV T 1 C D C d C j I S e v D nV T V T v C j0 1 D m 0 The below mentioned article provides a complete guide to Keynes’ theory of investment multiplier. Jan 24, 2015 · Informed by ADI that the AD834 (500MHz Four-Quadrant Multiplier) model posted on the web "was not an official release", and I had an immediate need, I rolled my own AD834_JT_SUBCKT. It enables engineers to model the behaviour of their circuits in software, which reduces prototyping costs and time. Someone suggested raising the resistances which for me has failed to solve the problem. I'm trying to develop models with it using LTspice in order to model a first-stage amplifier circuit with it, but I'm not sure how to best model it with basic components. proposed a mathematical model capable of generating double loop hysteresis behaviour and an emulator circuit using current conveyors and analog multiplier which satisfies the model. 5. Download scientific diagram | AD633 Multiplier simulation results. Its accurately laser-trimmed multiplier characteristics make it easy to use in a wide variety of applications with a minimum of external parts, often eliminating all external trimming. 4 MOS Level 6 and 31. 5 V, Single-Supply LVDS Comparator in a 6-lead SC70 Package. Its differential X, Y, and Z inputs allow configuration as a multiplier, squarer, divider, square-rooter, and other functions while SPICE model. a Verilog-A module - explicitly in your model. That is, a . Schematic symbols, PCB footprints, and 3D CAD models from SamacSys can be found by clicking on products in the Product Options table. In our approach, we use multipliers extracted from IBIS VT tables to derive switching signals. TUNING THE PID CONTROLLER An AC line-operated Cockcroft-Walton multiplier provides high voltage to “ion generators” for neutralizing electrostatic charge and for air purifiers. Systematic design and optimization of an SRD frequency multiplier is Please find attached a Tina-TI testbech with the behavioral model of the MPY634. AD633J SPICE Macro Model Analog Multiplier Rev. Jul 9, 2023 · The internet-of-things and mobile devices have emerged as significant drivers in enhancing the living standards. Jul 17, 2007 · What is the fastest way to implement an analog multiplier? I am interested to an ideal multiplier, with two inputs and a single output. For C1=100pF, the resulting capacitance is 100nF. . 7497 : Synchronous 6-Bit Binary Rate Multipliers. A, 12/93. SPICE libraries are crucial for accurate circuit simulations, allowing engineers to identify potential issues early and save on costly prototyping. Aug 13, 2014 · AD633 Spice Model Now Available jtanalog A Rudimentary Behavioral Model of Analog Devices AD633 Analog Multiplier suitable for most transient analysis situations. May 16, 1995 · A new step recovery diode (SRD) model for CAD is developed by considering the voltage ramp in the SRD and using a DC measurement to extract a model parameter. <<ETX>> The multiplier model is a demand-side model, which demonstrates how spending decisions generate demand for goods and services and, as a result, determine the levels of employment and output. 500. The Spice Model for the ADI 500MHz Four-Quadrant Multiplier has been updated (AD834_SPICE_Model. This means that for a portable model the multiplicity in the subcircuit has to be implemented like in e. The AD633 is a functionally complete, four-quadrant, analog multiplier. com Dec 9, 2021 · I'm supposed to make a multiplier with log amplifier configuration using LM741 op-amps and 1N4001 diodes. How to construct such a multiplier? Is that even possible? Its accurately laser-trimmed multiplier characteristics make it easy to use in a wide variety of applications with a minimum of external parts, often eliminating all external trimming. The easiest approach to take for a SPICE model is the same as for a data sheet: consult the manufacturer’s web site. For the circuit to be parsed correctly, ensure that the Spice Prefix field is set to the entry applicable to the device being used: VCVS The LM358B and LM2904B devices are the next-generation versions of the industry-standard operational amplifiers (op amps) LM358 and LM2904, which include two high-voltage (36 V) op amps. Oct 21, 2013 · Thereby, the adopted model can also achieve a truthful reproduction of the shaping in the rising edge of the measured SiPM output signals. PERFORMANCE. 1-64b. In this paper, a study was conducted on the physical electro-thermal model of Schottky barrier diode developed on the basis of self-heating effect. 7. [cos(ω 1-ω 2)t - cos(ω 1 +ω 2)t] • A real mixer cannot be driven by arbitrary inputs. However, if impedance matching between the antenna and rectifying multiplier is effectively perfect, the model and SPICE results should be valid with an input voltage amplitude of half V DD. The AD633 is a complete four-quadrant multiplier offered Jul 9, 2024 · The money supply multiplier, or just the money multiplier, looks at a multiplier effect from the perspective of banking and money supply. 51 KB SPICE model of SRD Before proceeding with the design, it is important to confirm that the generic SPICE model for a PN junction diode will exhibit a charge-controlled step change in impedance. We are a world leader in the design and production of high […] Dec 18, 2012 · As a second alternative, you could select the existing Si3445DV, which comes with LTspice, and add an "M" multiplier parameter to scale the die area by 0. Thank you Here is a link to what looks like a good tutorial on the Gilbert Cell multiplier. Jan 16, 2015 · A Spice Model for the ADI 500MHz Four-Quadrant Multiplier has been added (AD834_SPICE_Model. But if you're looking for a simplified behavioral model, you can base it on voltage-controlled resistors — after all, a switch contact can be thought of as a resistor that varies between, say, 1 mΩ and 1 GΩ. Jun 24, 2016 · Elwakil et al. Examples of using this model to analyse a comb generator and a frequency multiplier are given. EXE basically follows the design procedure outlined in HP App Note 920 , adding a couple of fudge factors to compensate for the effects of the diode's package parasitics. IntLib ). If you'll compare your output against an ideal diode, modelled with only Is=2. If a symbol or model isn't available, it can be requested directly from the website. IPP under various f in case of N = 20 and VPP = 2. D) Part Model Pin/Package Drawing Documentation CAD Symbols, Footprints, and 3D Models; AD632AD: Mar 30, 2013 · Hello everybody! I'm a beginner on spice softwares and here too 8-) I'm trying to simulate an analog multiplier IC from Analog Devices Manufacturer. 5 or 0. S-Parameter S2P File Format Guide; Tape and Reel Packaging for Surface Mount Components; Datasheet. 4 MOS6 - Level 6 MOSFET model with Meyer capacitance model sections of the Ngspice User’s Manual . However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. A voltage multiplier produces a DC multiple (2,3,4, etc) of the AC peak input voltage. zip on the Device Models & Subcircuits Page of my website. Jul 18, 2008 · There was a rather dire Spice simulation of a PMT in IEEE Trans. I downloaded a "Spice Model" from the Multiplier Application Guide. The adopted model allows for an accurate representation of the device For motor velocity, a tachometer could generate 1 V / 100 RPM; for temperature, a thermistor circuit could produce 0. For instance, in Example PS4. Because a sensor does not respond instantly, an RC filter is also added here to model its finite response time. I think of it as a current-controlled current source on every pin of a device. However, the output voltages I get are much different than what I am supposed to get, as seen at the figure. e. AD633. Multipliers Dec 21, 2015 · The diode (including LED) model is the only intrinsic model that supports N (series units) parameter. 7 BSIM2 - Berkeley Short Channel IGFET Model sections of the Ngspice User’s Manual. SPICE file: "nmos_iv_01. 1% in the multiplier mode, fully differential inputs, and a voltage Notice: The first line in the . Kahn in the early 1930s. Hi, I used Spice In to import SPICE netlist to generate schematic in IC181 (version ICADVM18. • An ideal mixer is usually drawn with a multiplier symbol. It is possible to perform IBIS simulations in PSpice but we need to convert the models back. In this note, two examples are presented to illustrate the use of a multiplier to make an amplitude modulator, and to make a frequency doubler. MA144769-287_MAVR-044769-1279. Keynesian multiplier, expenditure or spending multiplier, demand The next generation of SPICE is here. As such devices rely on batteries, energy and area efficiency are top design priorities. This model can be directly used in commercial circuit simulators for designs of SRD circuits. which are not present in Multisim. Doesn’t “mix” or “sum”; it multiplies (Asinω 1t)(B sinω 2t) = AB/2. Some economists call it . Can you attach it again. Model Library. This is useful for associating a name with a value for the sake of clarity and parameterizing subcircuits so that abstract circuits can be saved in libraries. Changing the finger parameter simply creates parallel transistor gates to exactly the amount you. I believe this is the normal way a classic 4 quadrant analogue multiplier is realised in bipolar or in MOS technology. 5 V to 5. ckt) file. F. 718. Does the M value have to be an integer? SPICE MODELS The following devices have SPICE parameters available. The tendency that MS has higher Aug 8, 2020 · Some Spice implementations, like LTSpice don't seem to have native support for subcircuit multiplicity, and some like ngspice do (see section 3. 67 K SPICE Model AD734S SPICE Macro Model Rev. param directive allows the creation of user-defined variables. Later * AD633 Analog Multiplier Macro Model * Description: Amplifier * Generic Desc: Bipolar, Multiplier, 4 Quadrant * Developed by: AAG/PMI * Revision History: 09/15/2014 Using SPICE To Model DC Motors. The SPICE model and Symbolically Defined Devices (SDD) model of the diode with temperature-dependent Apr 29, 2024 · Published Apr 29, 2024Definition of the Multiplier-Accelerator Model The Multiplier-Accelerator Model is an economic theory that explains the interrelationships between investment, income, and consumption over time. Hi Sudha, Your attachment did not come through. Review the IBIS models. I found this circuit configuration in this Youtube video. In , a grounded charge controlled memristor emulator was presented using CMOS DDCC and analog multiplier. Ctrl-right-mouse-button click on the MOSFET and then edit the Value2 attribute to be M=0. SPICE simulation of a memcapacitor. If the device you’re interested in is not listed, please contact us. However, in ac analysis it is important to remember that results are invalid unless only one input of the multiplier is connected to a node that i connected to an AC signal (this is exemplified by the use of a multiplier to perform a potentiometer function: one input is DC, the Sep 6, 2023 · The Keynesian multiplier was introduced in the 1930s to show that government spending creates cycles of increased employment and prosperity. PARAM -- User-Defined Parameters . RESULTS. odhybyyzxukweeqbzjvbwtramjpkmbwgxvioxjgmzbmsatkkvnkrih