Stem cell tooth regeneration 2021 Sci. More importantly, t . Moreover, the teeth have a complicated regulatory mechanism, special histologic origin, diverse structure, and important function in mastication, articulation, and Despite the enormous advancement achieved in recent years, stem cell-based bone and tooth regeneration are still faced with many challenges, especially low and uncertain efficacy. Dermatol. doi Dental pulp stem cells have been the focus of many research groups, with some relatively recent publications showing that mobilised dental pulp stem cells and human deciduous pulp stem cells have The current clinical treatment, guided tissue regeneration (GTR), has shown limitations in reconstructing an osteogenic microenvironment. Chen et al. Despite the high heterogeneity of the neural crest, the cellular landscape of It is shown that implantation of autologous tooth stem cells from deciduous teeth regenerated dental pulp with an odontoblast layer, blood vessels, and nerves in two animal models and in humans, suggesting that hDPSCs are able to regenerate whole dental pulp and may be useful for treating tooth injuries due to trauma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs are gaining more attraction as an Schematic representation of different approaches for dentine-pulp complex repair/regeneration (a) and stem-cell-based whole-tooth bioengineering (b). 2021; 47:961–969. Cell Death Dis. They were isolated from permanent third molars, and exhibited high proliferation and high frequency of colony formation Previous research on the use of dental pulp stem cells for tooth regeneration has also shown that dental pulp stem cells have the potential to form tooth-like tissues by Gronthos’s group and others [5,6,7,8]. Recent studies utilizing mouse genetic models shed light on the identities of these mesenchymal progenitors in their native environment, particularly regarding how they contribute to homeostasis and repair Scientific Reports - Shark tooth regeneration reveals common stem cell characters in both human rested lamina and ameloblastoma Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature. Research indicates that mesenchymal cells isolated from different tissue types do not have Since the tooth is an intact organ, successful regeneration of individual tooth components does not replace an entire missing tooth. Front Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of both soft and hard periodontal tissues. Given the intense debate regarding embryonic stem cells, much of the focus has centered around application of adult stem cells for regenerative engineering along with other relevant aspects In the last few decades, tissue engineering has become one of the most studied medical fields. Odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) residing in the dental pulp environment have been widely used in dental pulp regeneration because of their immense potential to regenerate pulp-like tissue. The key elements of tissue regeneration are stem cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules. molmed. The research, led by the Medical Research 'daughter stem cells' destined for pulp regeneration, while remaining in place to maintain the stem cell niche. ,2021). Owing to their regenerative capabilities, DSCs hold substantial potential for repairing or regrowing tissues afflicted by disease or damage, making them a subject of significant interest within the domain of tissue Dental stem cells are a minor population of mesenchymal stem cells existing in specialized dental tissues, such as dental pulp, periodontium, apical papilla, dental follicle and so forth. The teeth are highly differentiated chewing organs formed by the development of tooth germ tissue located in the jaw and consist of the enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp, and periodontal tissue. Dental stem cells (DSCs) are a subset of adult stem cells capable of transforming into various cell types, such as bone, cartilage, muscle and fat cells . (2021) hSHED aggregates: Tooth fragments containing SHED cell aggregates with or without GW4869 The role of small extracellular vesicles derived from lipopolysaccharide-preconditioned human dental pulp stem cells in dental pulp regeneration. Single-cell characterization of freshly obtained and 10-day in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). They are a highly undifferentiated cell colony from remaining tissues of the embryonic period. An increasing number of dental-derived stem With the development of stem cell tissue engineering technology, significant breakthroughs in tooth regeneration mediated by odontogenic stem cells have been achieved in recent years, but there There is increasing evidence that mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in early morphogenesis stages of both tooth and hair follicles Cell Transplant. 05. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential Front Cell Dev Biol. , 10 (2018 Periodontitis, a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory disease is characterized by the progressive degradation of tooth-supporting structures, particularly the periodontal ligament (PDL), which can eventually result in tooth loss. A stepwise induction method was then established to derive MSX1+PDGFRAlow limb mesenchyme-like cells Scientific Reports - Shark tooth regeneration reveals common stem cell characters in both human rested lamina and ameloblastoma Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature. It is demonstrated that LepR+ cells, a postnatal skeletal stem cell population, are essential for alveolar bone regeneration of extraction sockets. Clinical trials said that “Conventional tissue engineering is not suitable for tooth regeneration. So far, eight types of dental stem cells were successfully isolated, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), apical papilla stem cells (SCAP), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs), human tooth germ stem cells (TGPCs), and In addition to the cells mentioned above, there also various kinds of stem/progenitor cells used for tooth and periodontal regeneration, such like bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (Golafshan et al. iPSCs’ ability to Dental pulp stem cells have been the focus of many research groups, with some relatively recent publications showing that mobilised dental pulp stem cells and human deciduous pulp stem cells have Despite the development of the scaffold-free tissue engineering technique as a powerful approach for tooth regeneration, the use of suitable biomaterial-based scaffolds still represents the main approach to regenerate dentin and cementum hard dental tissues, as well as the whole tooth. Focusing on the discovery and characterization of stem cells isolated from human teeth over the past 20 years, this review outlines the effect of marker sorting on cell proliferation and differentiation ability and the Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are now considered excellent candidates for tissue replacement therapies and tissue engineering. , 2021). Tooth Germ Stem Cells. 2019, 1–12 Wang, Y. These 3D cultures closely mimic in vivo conditions, where cells can grow and interact with their surroundings. Biol. PDF | On Jan 20, 2022, Takehito Ouchi and others published Editorial: Stem Cells in Oral Cavity: From Development to Regeneration | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate In addition, works with dental stem cells for the regeneration of diseases that cannot be cured with the regeneration of dental tissues, such as diabetes, will be presented. iPSCs’ ability to This research focused on analyzing gene expression changes in the periodontal ligament (PDL) after tooth re-plantation to identify key genes and pathways involved in healing and regeneration. C. Oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomes are considered important factors in the field of medical tissue engineering and cell free biotherapy due to their ease of access, differentiation potential, and successful therapeutic outcomes. Sci Transl Med. Owing to their regenerative capabilities, DSCs hold substantial potential for repairing or regrowing tissues afflicted by disease or damage, making them a subject of significant interest within the domain of tissue 8. As a stem cell-based strategy for whole tooth regeneration, Ikeda et al. Exp. Although decellularized matrix has yielded some success in tissue and organ regeneration [1, 2], no clinical case reports have indicated that cells seeded in decellularized matrix revitalize damaged organs. Human teeth contain stem cells in all their mesenchymal-derived tissues, which include the pulp, periodontal ligament, and developing roots, in addition to the support tissues such as the alveolar bone. In the past, in vitro models to study dental epithelium and ameloblast biology were limited to freshly isolated primary cells or It has been reported that Lgr5-positive cells, which play an important role in the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells in adult tissue, exist in the epithelium of the continuously Interests: stem cell biology (iPS cells, mesenchymal stem cells, dental-pulp-derived stem cells) and regenerative medicine including tissue engineering; wound healing; cell biology for melatonin; cell biology for leptin; tooth development; cell biology of grapefruit seed extract; cell biology of candida species; cell biology of oral cancer; photodynamic diagnosis Overview of the stem cells with an oral and dental origin. The development of dental tissue regeneration represents a suitable but challenging, target for dental stem cell therapies, and investigations on dental stem cells in basic research, pre-clinical research and clinical studies will pave the way to optimizing patient-tailored treatments for repair and regeneration of dental tissues. Watanabe H, Tominaga M, Iohara K. EXCLI Journal 2021;20:454-489 – ISSN 1611-2156 Received: December 27, 2020, accepted: February 09, 2021, published: February 22, 2021 454 Review article: ROLE AND APPLICATION OF STEM CELLS IN DENTAL The important issues in MSCs biology including the origin and functions of M SCs and their application for craniofacial and periodontal tissue regeneration are discussed, the potential and clinical applications of this type of stem cells in differentiation to maxillofacial bone and cartilage in vitro is discussed, and important future hopes and challenges are addressed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs are gaining more attraction as an However, stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) isolated from the apical papilla, which was confirmed to develop dental pulp tissue in the early stage of tooth development, were also applied Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of both soft and hard periodontal tissues. Identifying key factors for enhancing dentinogenesis in MSCs is crucial for promoting tooth regeneration. 9,11 An immature premolar or third molar indicated for extraction has stem cell This review summarizes selected developments in dental stem cell research and provides an overview of new developments with human dental stem cells and parts of these cells like extracellular vesicles for regenerative medicine. 2. Med. This review comprehensively Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which possess cell homing and tissue repair potential, derived from SCs (SC-EVs), can regulate dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) A thorough knowledge and understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating natural tooth development and dental stem cell (DSC) differentiation is essential to devise Preclinical research, clinical trials and other works in the field of dental stem cells research for whole tooth engineering, dental pulp regeneration, periodontitis and tooth root Our study elucidated that the mandible's alveolar bone marrow (al-BM) has the highest frequency of immunophenotypic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) among nine skeletal sites. 10. This allows us to better study the spatio-temporal dynamics of organogenesis Request PDF | Stem cells and tooth regeneration: prospects for personalized dentistry | Over the last several decades, a wealth of information has become available regarding various sources of Stem cell biology has gained prominence in understanding tissue regeneration and advancing regenerative medicine. , facilitating the delivery and retention of NTF-producing DPCs to sites of PNIs and increasing functional nerve regeneration (Ahmed et al. Originating from neural crest, DFPCs harbor a multipotential differentiation capacity. Standard methods have been established to isolate and identify Being such an accessible source for different stem cells, the tooth and Article Open access 30 June 2021. Dental stem cells, including SHED and DPSCs, can differentiate into hepatic cells. 1371/journal Dental-derived stem cells have excellent proliferation ability and multi-directional differentiation potential, making them an important research target in tissue engineering. The potential of human dental pulp stem cells in muscle regeneration was shown Recently, tooth regeneration engineering has attracted much attention, based on the knowledge of tooth growth mechanism and natural tooth morphology regulation in the human body and the study of signal pathways in tooth regeneration (Fig. This ambitious goal demanded an in-depth understanding of tooth development, stem cell The results were published in renowned U. 26 May 2021. Published: Previous studies on the use of stem cells in tooth regeneration have only used specific. Autologous MSCs importantly contribute to the Over the past five years, a number of studies using dental stem cells have improved new strategies for tooth repair. Previous research on tooth regeneration has been focusing on harvesting stem cells directly on dental implants to improve osseointegration or I would appreciate being in any trial for this or being a patient to receive stem cell regeneration of teeth News Wed. Furthermore, future trends of tooth regeneration, including metal ion-induced Over the last several decades, a wealth of information has become available regarding various sources of stem cells and their potential use for regenerative purposes. The important issues in MSCs biology including the origin and functions of M SCs and their application for craniofacial and periodontal tissue regeneration are discussed, the potential and clinical applications of this type of stem cells in differentiation to maxillofacial bone and cartilage in vitro is discussed, and important future hopes and challenges are addressed. Despite promising in vitro and in vivo studies, most DSC secretome-based therapies have not been implemented in human medicine because the paracrine effect of the bioactive factors secreted by human dental pulp A dopamine-methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel as an effective carrier for stem cells in skin regeneration therapy. Expert opinion: Over the past five years, a number of studies using dental stem Dental follicle progenitor cells are sourced from the connective tissue surrounding the developing tooth germ. Despite the various clinical interventions available, most focus on symptomatic relief and lack substantial evidence of supporting the In a second study, the authors performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the epithelium of the continuously growing mouse incisor and revealed the role of Notch1-expressing stem cells showing that these cells are responsive to tooth injury and contribute to enamel regeneration (Sharir et al. In 2012, there were about 473 articles on tooth regeneration, and as time goes by, more and more research is being done on So far, eight types of dental stem cells were successfully isolated, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), apical papilla stem cells (SCAP), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs), human tooth germ stem cells (TGPCs), and The development of stem cell-based tissue engineering has given rise to the possibility of combining dental stem cells with a tissue-reparative microenvironment to promote dentin–pulp complex regeneration. With the development of stem cell tissue engineering technology, significant breakthroughs in tooth regeneration mediated by odontogenic stem cells have been achieved in recent years, but there Periodontitis is a common and chronic inflammatory disease characterized by irreversible destruction of the tooth surrounding tissues, especially intrabony defects, which eventually lead to tooth loss. Epub 2021 May 24. Here, we identified a quiescent leptin receptor-expressing This review aims to report the potential of stem cells for tooth regeneration and tissue repair in dental field. Advances of Tooth‐derived Stem Cells in Neural Diseases Treatments and Nerve Tissue However, the capacity of 3D CM to prime dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for pulp regeneration and its protein profile are still elusive. Ecto-mesenchymal cells of mammalian tooth germ develops from cranial neural crest cells. Stem Cell Res Ther. , Tian, W. Dental stem cell-based tooth regeneration is the futuristic treatment A literature search was conducted using five electronic databases from their inception to January 2021 and supplemented by Specifically, the endogenous stem cells in animal models may shape a healthy stem cell niche and possess a periodontal regenerative property but are impaired in periodontitis patients, which may explain the parallel mandibular defect regeneration in rabbits between the autologous bone graft group and the ADSC-containing group . In general, cementoblasts can be found within periodontal tissue and World J Stem Cells. Growth factors may help differentiate pulp tissue and regenerate pulp blood vessels, facilitating pulp Organ-derived decellularized matrices are widely used as scaffold materials for in vitro tissue or organ reconstruction. S scientific journals in 2021. In the proposed scheme, pulp injury destroys the underlying odontoblasts 1 . Stem cell-based tissue engineering in tooth and periodontal regeneration particularly has been investigated after appearing of craniofacial tissue engineering in 1990, and ongoing studies are regeneration of dentin-pulp, tooth, root, The apical papilla is a stem cell rich tissue located at the base of the developing dental root and is 2021). Stem/progenitor cells used in regenerative medicine are nonspecialized cells, demonstrating the ability of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation []. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental sources, such In this study, we found that schwann cells-derived EVs facilitated dental pulp regeneration through endogenous stem cells recruitment via SDF-1/CXCR4 axis without exogenous cell transplantation. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are common as they Ameloblasts are the specialized dental epithelial cell type responsible for enamel formation. 2021 Dec; 18(6): and tissue engineering technology is to implant exogenous stem cells into the host root canal system to achieve pulp regeneration. Growth factors may help differentiate pulp tissue and regenerate pulp blood vessels, facilitating pulp Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, tooth regeneration, tissue engineering, bone defect reconstruction, immune modulation tooth (Zhao et al. Ther. Over the last several decades, a wealth of information has become available regarding various sources of stem cells and their potential use for regenerative purposes. MSCs have garnered significant interest in tissue engineering due to their immunomodulatory capacity []. Glandular stem cells in the skin during development, homeostasis, wound repair and regeneration. These ambitious goals, set in late 1990 with great enthusiasm, seem to have finally become implementable in the dental field, which may be on the verge of attaining important results. P. Thus, TGSCs have a high proliferation capacity and multiple differentiation ability. Stem cells commonly used for RET can be classified as dental and non-dental cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be identified in mammalian teeth. The newly formed daughter stem cells can then migrate away from the stem cell niche into the defect area and participate in new dental pulp and dentin bridge formation [16]. Collectively, the findings establish a paradigm in which odontogenesis-featured EVs govern donor-recipient stem cell interplay to achieve tooth regeneration, inspiring cell-free translational regenerative strategies. Received: 26 August 2021. 1186/s13287-021-02141-y. Expert. Tooth avulsion is among the most serious Stem cell-based tissue engineering in tooth and periodontal regeneration particularly has been investigated after appearing of craniofacial tissue engineering in 1990, and ongoing studies are regeneration of dentin-pulp, tooth, root, Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of both soft and hard periodontal tissues. Even if bone shows self-remodeling properties, in some cases, due to injuries or anomalies, bone regeneration can be required. These cells are somewhat similar in their characteristics to limbal cells (Monteiro et al. So far, the efficiency of stem cells-based regeneration of Abstract Objectives. , The accelerated pace of research in the stem cell field in recent decades and the accumulated body of knowledge has spurred the interest in potential clinical applications of stem cells in all branches of medicine including regenerative dentistry. [Google Scholar] Besides dental stem cell-based approaches, non-dental stem cells are also used in tooth and periodontal tissue regeneration, including bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), neonatal stem cells from the umbilical cord, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). generated a functional whole tooth unit, by mixing immature dental DESCs and dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) to form a tooth germ. As for the endothelial differentiation potential of DMSCs, DPSCs are able to differentiate into endothelial-like cells in the presence of VEGF. Research on tooth regeneration has mainly focused on mouse pluripotent stem cells, mouse embryonic stem cells, and adult stem cells from various sources in mice, whereas little has examined the DPSCs have recently been shown to have higher odontogenic potential than other sources of stem cells in the tooth [stem cells from the apical Abouauf EA, Abubakr N, Dörfer CE, El-Sayed KF. 10 Specifically, in terms of periodontal regeneration, stem cells of both odontogenic (periodontal ligament, dental pulp, deciduous teeth, apical papilla, However, there is a potential risk of limbal stem cell failure in the donor eye due to the need to remove a significant portion of the host’s limbal stem cell population (Holland, 1996). 2021; 9:717624. In this study, we explored the influence of residual periodontal ligament on the dentin regeneration potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in the jaw. , 2023; Miao et al. jhevol. (2019). 005. Tooth germ stem cells (TGSCs) are a kind of precursor cells first isolated from the third molar tooth germ during the late bell stage . 1. , 2009), so it was a suitable alternative to limbal cells, and the results were promising (Gomes et al. Following completion of enamel development in humans, ameloblasts are lost and biological repair or regeneration of enamel is not possible. Accepted: 8 September 2021. Regenerative dentistry is a branch of regenerative medicine that involves the understanding of “cell and molecular biology to design dental therapies that aim to restore, repair, rejuvenate and regenerate the dental tissues. Periodontal bone remodeling is one crucial biological foundation of OR. 4. Cell Stem Cell is a broad-spectrum journal that covers the entire spectrum of stem cell biology. Regeneration of multiple tissues - including the skin, blood, stomach, and intestines - is maintained by stem cells 1. , 2022), dental papilla cells (DPCs), gingival fibroblast cells (GFs) (Wang et al. Cementoblasts, whose biological function is cementogenesis, are the key cell type responsible for anchoring the periodontal ligament to the tooth (Zhao et al. 13:738. A dopamine-methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel as an effective carrier for stem cells in skin regeneration therapy. com. Autologous MSCs importantly This review presents a concise overview of the latest treatment strategies that have emerged into clinical practice, potential future technologies, and the role of dental Our findings suggest that odontogenesis-related developmental microenvironment engineering by decellularized tooth matrix and stem cell aggregates safeguards functional In this review, we discuss recent advances in the composition and function of stem cell niches during regeneration. Introduction. Hair follicle is an important structure regulating hair Cementogenesis. Tooth repair and regeneration: potential of dental stem cells. Complete periodontal regeneration in clinics using the currently available treatment approaches is still a challenge. This technique mimics the human wound healing process and aims to repair or regenerate tissue by recruiting endogenous stem cells to the defections via targeted specific bionic scaffolds and/or bioactive cues that stimulate Interestingly, in vitro cultured dental pulp cells isolated from adult teeth establish a stable cycling population with classical stem cell properties, including self-renewal, expression of well-established stem cell marker genes (e. Here, we established a strategy using decellularized tooth matrix (DTM) combined with human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) aggregates to simulate an odontogenesis-related developmental microenvironment. The potential of stem/progenitor Human teeth contain stem cells in all their mesenchymal-derived tissues, which include the pulp, periodontal ligament, and developing roots, in addition to the support tissues such as the alveolar bone. In 2018, this In addition to the cells mentioned above, there also various kinds of stem/progenitor cells used for tooth and periodontal regeneration, such like bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (Golafshan et al. A cell sheet from SHED cells was used for transplantation into a rabbit eye for corneal regeneration, a model of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells. Researchers from South Korea and Japan to the U. Our study is the first study using dogs as animal models for dental pulp stem cells tooth regeneration with a designed, 3D-printed root like an HA/PLA scaffold. It’s imperative to find a safe and effective method for managing post-orthodontic tooth stability. To establish a tooth regeneration model, the incisors of New Zealand Dental follicle progenitor/stem cells (DFPCs) are a group of dental mesenchyme stem cells that lie in the dental follicle and play a critical role in tooth development and maintaining function. Dental epithelial and mesenchymal cells isolated from tooth germs or derived from pluripotent stem cells could generate tooth germ–like organoids by The cell re-association-based whole-tooth regeneration strategies in large animal, Sus scrofa. 1038/s41419-022-05060-9, PMID: [PMC free article Lin M. , 2022), dental papilla cells (DPCs), gingival fibroblast Deciduous autologous tooth stem cells regenerate dental pulp after implantation into injured teeth. (2021). The stem cells derived from allogeneic Cell homing in pulp regeneration refers to the recruitment of host endogenous stem cells into tooth root canals by the Regenerative endodontics are “biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged tooth structures, including dentin and root, as well as cells of the pulp–dentin complex” (Murray et al. Opin. 110-116 Sept 2021 110. Sources of mesenchymal stem cells that are commonly used for tissue regeneration applications. Mesenchymal stem One of the most exciting advances in life science research is the development of 3D cell culture systems to obtain complex structures called organoids and spheroids. SHED promote angiogenesis in stem cell-mediated dental pulp regeneration. 3390/cryst11020149. Therapy for chronic liver fibrosis and hemophilia A. 8,14,15,22 Microenvironments play a critical role in controlling both endogenous and exogenous MSC-mediated healing of bone and dental loss and defects, Stem cells play a critical role in bone regeneration. 2018. In recent years, stem cell-based therapy for Pulp regeneration has been investigated through two models: (1) cell homing or (2) stem-cell transplantation. report the potential of stem cells for tooth regeneration and tissue repair in dental field. 51(4 January 21, 2021. HSCs in al This is called regenerative stem cell therapy [4]. Stem cells play a critical role in bone regeneration. As core elements in tissue engineering, stem cells are important in tissue regeneration. This research focused on analyzing gene expression changes in the periodontal ligament (PDL) after tooth re-plantation to identify key genes and pathways involved in healing and regeneration. , 2023), Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells (Tang et al. 8 Dental stem cells can be isolated easily from extracted or exfoliated teeth without causing morbidity. J Endod. Deciduous autologous tooth stem cells regenerate dental pulp In addition to the cells mentioned above, there also various kinds of stem/progenitor cells used for tooth and periodontal regeneration, such like bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (Golafshan et al. 2021 Jan-Dec:30:9636897211042927. MSCs express low-level MHC class II molecules and no co-stimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86 the domain of regeneration involving dental stem cells, conducting novel studies in this area could contribute to a deeper understanding of this tool ’ s application in tooth tissue regeneration. 4C) (Gronthos et The accelerated pace of research in the stem cell field in recent decades and the accumulated body of knowledge has spurred the interest in potential clinical applications of stem cells in all branches of medicine including regenerative dentistry. Advances in regenerative medicine with stem cells have led to clinical trials. increased hair regrowth and improvements to hair pull test results 3 and 6 months after stem cell hair treatment [9]. g. , and Yelick, P. ” Over the last several decades, a wealth of information has become available regarding various sources of stem cells and their potential use for regenerative purposes. DOI: 10. Neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) are a transient, multipotent cell population that originates along the border of the neural plate during early vertebrate development. Stem cells from the apical papilla are obtained from the apical small extracellular vesicles derived from lipopolysaccharide-preconditioned human dental pulp stem cells in dental pulp regeneration. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells of a multicellular organism that can differentiate into various types of cells under suitable conditions and have the ability of self-renewal. , 2007). In general, cementoblasts can be found within periodontal tissue and play a crucial role in A model for stem cell involvement in dental repair. , 2021) Aspirin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles: Alveolar bone defect, Deciduous autologous tooth stem cells regenerate dental pulp after implantation into injured teeth. Dental pulp regeneration by tooth stem Tissue regeneration, also known as in situ tissue engineering, has emerged over the past 20 years because of its remarkable advantages. Due to the efficiency of topical application has been widely dicussed and systemic application was also a feasible way for new bone formation, the aim of this study was to systematically review systemic therapy of MSCs for bone regeneration in pre The therapeutic potential of the dental pulp stem (DSC) cell-derived secretome, consisting of various biomolecules, is undergoing intense research. Moreover, the teeth have a complicated regulatory mechanism, special histologic origin, diverse structure, and important function in mastication, articulation, and Schematic illustration of dental stem cells in three-dimensional tissue regeneration. J Hum Evol, 158 (2021), Article 103046, 10. dered excellent candidates for tissue replacement Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental sources, such as dental pulp and periodontal ligament, show significant potential for tissue regeneration due to their proliferative and differentiative abilities. Secondly, HERS triggers tooth root development by secretion of SHH which is regulated in the epithelial Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated functional tooth regeneration in swine. Authors Han Ngoc Mai 1 , Eun-Jung Kim 1 , Han Induced pluripotent stem cell Particularly, we focus on the current research strategies for iPSC-based tooth regeneration via Front Cell Dev Biol. Despite the high heterogeneity of the neural crest, the cellular landscape of Stem Cell Int. Many cell types have been used successfully in cell-based pulp regeneration studies [39,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] (Fig. Cell Prolif. In humans, embryonic and adult stem cells are two major groups of cells that can serve as a donor source in tissue engineering Tooth anomalies at birth are common in humans, affecting one per cent of people worldwide. Standard seed cells for pulp regeneration include pulp stem cells, apical papilla stem cells, and human deciduous tooth pulp stem cells. As key components of tissue engineering, stem cells are essential in pulp regeneration. The tooth is considered nature’s “safe” for these valuable stem cells. PLoS One 1: e79. Role of Stem Cells in Neural Regeneration. Tissue engineering approaches for enamel, dentin, and pulp regeneration: an update. We discuss how key signaling pathways regulating natural tooth development are being exploited for applications in TERMD approaches for vital tooth regeneration. Stem cells, being undifferentiated cells within the human body, possess the remarkable capability to differentiate into various cell types and sustain themselves through self-renewal []. The precise roles of these cells remain poorly Download Citation | Odontogenesis-Empowered Extracellular Vesicles Safeguard Donor-Recipient Stem Cell Interplay to Support Tooth Regeneration | Harnessing the developmental events of mesenchymal 2021 Sep;63(3):225-231. A: Five different types of dental stem cells are harvested during different tooth developmental stages; B: Dental stem cells are incorporated with various forms of three-dimensional (3D) biomaterials (microspheres, hydrogels, or 3D printed scaffolds) to generate 3D engineered tissue; C: Purpose of Review This review aims to summarize the literature on biomaterials used as scaffolds, focusing on strategies for tooth tissue engineering, ideal requirements, and classifications of scaffold biomaterials. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences ments of stem cells, biomaterials, and the regenerative microenvironment, and finally discussing the barriers and prospects of the therapeutic application of stem cell-based pulp regeneration. Biological characteristics and pulp regeneration potential of stem cells from canine deciduous teeth Guo H, Sun W, Kou X, He X, Zhang Y, Sun J, Liu A, Liao L, Liu S, Liu W, Hu C, Shi S, Jin Y. Stem cells are highly proliferative and exhibit robust Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) offer practical advantages such as accessibility, self‐renewal, multipotency, and immunomodulation, 1 making DPSC‐based tissue engineering increasingly attractive in pulp–dentin complex regeneration from bench to bedside. Multiple populations of skeletal stem cells have been identified in long bone, while their identity and functions in alveolar bone remain unclear. In particular, oral bone regeneration is needed in the dentistry field, where the functional restoration of tissues near the tooth represents a limit Purpose of Review This review aims to summarize the literature on biomaterials used as scaffolds, focusing on strategies for tooth tissue engineering, ideal requirements, and classifications of scaffold biomaterials. 2021. ABSTRACT Introduction: Human Owing to relatively easy access and sourcing, dental stem cells have been tested in a study for multiple purposes that include oral as well as nonoral tissue regeneration and repair. As key mediators of the injury response, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) play a critical role in pulp tissue repair and The development of stem cell-based tissue engineering has given rise to the possibility of combining dental stem cells with a tissue-reparative microenvironment to promote dentin–pulp complex regeneration. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to describe a cell-free strategy to promote dental pulp regeneration. 1080/14712598. Dental tissue regeneration requires the presence of specialized cells capable of the production of a tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) [1, 2]. Transl. View in Article CrossRef Google Scholar Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2007; Nakashima and Akamine 2005). View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar 1. In the last decades, the advancement of biotechnologies has held the promise to disrupt the biomedical field with innovative protocols []. In 2012, there were about 473 articles on tooth regeneration, and as time goes by, more and more research is being done on The bioactive materials and stem/progenitor cells used in dental regeneration, and recent advancements in the application of 3D printing technology for tooth and tooth-supporting tissue regeneration, including dental pulp, dentin, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and so on are summarized. However, the low success rate of tooth regeneration restricts its clinical application. Although considerable advances have been made in stem cell-mediated organ regeneration and manufacturing in recent decades, Zhang, W. Then growth factors released from dentin and pulp 2 induce the Dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells not only stimulate blood vessel formation via paracrine angiogenic factors but also participate directly in angiogenesis by differentiating into ECs (d’Aquino et al. 2018; 10(455): eaaf3227, CrossRef. Crystals. Topics covered include embryonic stem cells, pluripotency, germline stem cells, tissue-specific stem cells, stem cell differentiation, epigenetics, stem cell genomics and systems biology, genome reprogramming, cancer stem cells, stem cell niches, stem-cell-based disease models, nuclear Guo et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Cementogenesis refers to the process of cementum formation, which covers the roots of teeth by cementoblasts. Guo H, Zhao W, Liu A, Wu M, Shuai Y, Li B, et al. 30 PDL contains a variety of cell populations including mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) termed PDLSCs, which contribute to periodontal regeneration. Stem Cells Int. These DMSCs possess similar multipotent poten Introduction. In humans, embryonic and adult stem cells are two major groups of cells that can serve as a donor source in tissue engineering Stem or progenitor cells are not specialized but are known for their efficient regenerative process and characteristics []. Our study shows that cell-free molecular therapy is effective Importantly, local application of SA-EVs per se empowers recipient Gli1 + cells and safeguards regeneration of avulsed teeth. 2021;47:961 Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), which are the stem cells present in the dental follicle tissue of the tooth germ and are derived from the neural crest, are direct precursor cells of Request PDF | Stem Cells in Tooth Development, Growth, Repair, and Regeneration | Human teeth contain stem cells in all their mesenchymal-derived tissues, which include the pulp, periodontal I NTRODUCTION. , Lu C. 1). 02. iPSCs’ ability to Dental pulp regeneration is a valuable method of restoring the viability of the dental pulp and even the whole tooth. 1038/s41598-019-52406-z Corpus ID: 207900216; Shark tooth regeneration reveals common stem cell characters in both human rested lamina and ameloblastoma @article{Fraser2019SharkTR, title={Shark tooth regeneration reveals common stem cell characters in both human rested lamina and ameloblastoma}, author={Gareth J. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yan Chang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China. MSCs from different sources display tissue reparative potential [65, 66]. and United Kingdom have been working on how to stimulate dental stem cells into regenerating pulp. Deciduous autologous tooth stem cells regenerate dental pulp Ecto-mesenchymal cells of mammalian tooth germ develops from cranial neural crest cells. Citation: Huang X, Li Z, Liu A, Liu X, Guo H, Wu M, Yang X, Han B and Xuan K (2021) Microenvironment Influences Odontogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mediated Dental Pulp Regeneration. In the first model, a scaffold containing chemotactic signaling molecules is packaged in a previously prepared root canal so that progenitor cells are recruited into the canal [ 24 , 25 ]. 2021 Dec 26; 13 are currently the most attractive cell source for bone and tooth regeneration due to their differentiation and immunomodulatory potential and lack of ethical issues This review discusses recent advances in comparative analyses of dental mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) regeneration potential. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), gingival mesenchymal stem cell (G Series: Stem Cells - From Development to the Clinic Review Tooth Repair and Regeneration: Potential of Dental Stem Cells Weibo Zhang1 and Pamela C. S. Stem Cell Int. (2021) 39:92–102. doi: 10. , and Pan, J. Over the past decades, many studies focused on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy for bone regeneration. 1016/j. A thorough knowledge and understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating natural tooth development and dental stem cell (DSC) differentiation is essential to devise effective approaches for adult dental tissue Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are now considered excellent candidates for tissue replacement therapies and tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential However, there is a potential risk of limbal stem cell failure in the donor eye due to the need to remove a significant portion of the host’s limbal stem cell population (Holland, 1996). 1177/09636897211042927 Keywords: Sonic Hedgehog; cell interaction; hair regeneration; stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous It contains the stem cells (undifferentiated cells that turn into specialized ones) that can regenerate tooth tissue. The dental tissue is a rich source of multipotent and mesenchymal stem cells. These considerations can limit stem cell use in tooth regeneration, providing an excellent opportunity for antibody-based drug discovery and single-dose vaccines to treat tooth anomalies. (2020) 2020: Stem Cells. , 2019). Currently, dental-derived MSCs (DMSCs) has become a collective term for all the MSCs isolated from dental pulp, periodontal applications of stem cells in the treatment of dentofacial orthodontic treatment. Yelick1,* Tooth defects are an extremely common health condition that affects millions of individuals. have identified and characterized a group of MSX1+PDGFRAlow mesenchymal progenitors from the developing mouse limb buds that exhibited strong osteochondral-regenerative and microenvironment-adaptive potential. Previous research on the use of dental pulp stem cells for tooth regeneration has also shown that dental pulp stem cells have the potential to form tooth-like tissues by Gronthos’s group and others [5,6,7,8]. 1402004. They were first described in 1968 as having self-renewal capability []. We aim to investigate the protein profile of CM derived from 3D tooth germs, and to unveil its potential for DPSCs-based pulp regeneration. 002. (2021) combined decellularized tooth matrix (DTM) with human dental pulp stem cells and successfully achieved the regeneration of dental pulp and periodontal tissue. 8. 2021;11:149. Issue published: May 2021. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are now cons. , CD90/Thy1), and broad differentiation potential considerably exceeding the one in the original in vivo microenvironment (Fig. Advances of Tooth‐derived Stem Cells in Neural Diseases Treatments and Nerve Tissue Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of both soft and hard periodontal tissues. Keywords. A 2021 The employment of innovative methodologies, including gene therapy, tissue engineering, and stem cell (SCs) applications for regenerative purposes, has garnered Regenerative medicine in dentistry focuses on repairing damaged oral tissues using advanced tools like stem cells, biomaterials, and tissue engineering (TE). ABSTRACT Introduction Human dental stem cells are promising for tooth repair because of their differentiation potential. 30 Evaluating developments in the field of regenerative dentistry indicate the prospect of constructing “custom-made” tooth and supporting structures thereby fostering the realization of “personalized dentistry. 18, 187–196. tooth Objectives: Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated tooth regeneration may be a useful therapeutic tool for repairing tooth loss. By transplanting autogenous or homogenous stem cells cultured outside the patient's body, tissues that have lost their functions can be triggered to regenerate or even replaced by the stem cells themselves. 1 Dental pulp stem cells Stem cells are partially differentiated cells that possess latent capacities to differentiate multi-directionally and to self as pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and epithelial stem cells, etc. These cells are recognised as a promising source for tooth development and regeneration. Fraser and Oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomes are considered important factors in the field of medical tissue engineering and cell free biotherapy due to their ease of access, differentiation potential, and successful therapeutic outcomes. 103046. Thus, this study investigated whether the TDM can promote the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and determined the potential role of Because of the low regeneration efficiency and unclear underlying molecular mechanism, tooth regeneration applications are limited. Stem cell-based tissue engineering in tooth and periodontal regeneration particularly has been investigated after appearing of craniofacial tissue engineering in 1990, and ongoing studies are regeneration of dentin-pulp, tooth, root, Since the tooth is an intact organ, successful regeneration of individual tooth components does not replace an entire missing tooth. Given the intense debate regarding embryonic stem In this study, we found that schwann cells-derived EVs facilitated dental pulp regeneration through endogenous stem cells recruitment via SDF-1/CXCR4 axis without exogenous cell transplantation. Recent Findings Biomaterials have a significant influence in the arena of tooth tissue engineering. Trends Mol. 2020; 529(4): 1158-64, CrossRef. Here, we identified a Single-cell characterization of freshly obtained and 10-day in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Besides dental stem cell-based approaches, non-dental stem cells are also used in tooth and periodontal tissue regeneration, including bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), neonatal stem cells from the umbilical cord, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In skin, slow-cycling and relatively undifferentiated stem cells exist within a niche known as the bulge, located below the sebaceous gland in the outer root sheath of the hair follicle 2 –4. Keywords: Dental stem cell, Regenerative medicine, Mal J Med Health Sci 17(SUPP6): 110-116 Sept 2021 inner cell mass during the gastrulation period (13) and are formed about 4 Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated tooth regeneration may be a useful therapeutic tool for repairing tooth loss. Dental stem cells include DPSCs, SHEDs, PDLSCs, SCAPs, and dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) [89,90,91]. a Pharmacological modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway shows natural dentine apposition in both, deep cavitation without pulp exposure (reactionary dentine, upper left box) and cavitation with Tooth avulsion is among the most serious traumatic dental injuries, whereas functional tooth regeneration remains uncertain. Retention is the current attempt at prevention, but it requires a considerable amount of time and cannot fully block OR. ) will be included in this review. The first stem cells isolated from adult human dental pulp were termed dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) [3]. The involvement of biomaterial scaffolds in tissue 8. Materials and Affiliations 1 Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. job. The scaffold material may transport seed cells and growth factors to a suitable microenvironment. 2, 3 However, direct mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) administration presents limitations such as transplanted Recently, tooth regeneration engineering has attracted much attention, based on the knowledge of tooth growth mechanism and natural tooth morphology regulation in the human body and the study of signal pathways in tooth regeneration (Fig. doi from Human Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Biodegradable Chitin Conduits Promote Rat Sciatic Nerve Regeneration. Concentrated growth factor, a platelet concentrate, is a promising scaffold for the treatment of dentin–pulp complex disorders. 27: 501−511. The precise roles of these cells remain poorly Tooth avulsion is among the most serious traumatic dental injuries, whereas functional tooth regeneration remains uncertain. A thorough knowledge and understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating natural tooth development and dental stem cell (DSC) differentiation is essential to devise effective approaches for adult dental tissue regeneration, including whole teeth. 2021, 1–7. Here, we designed a stem cell-containing patch (stem cell “Janus” patch; SCJP) to acclimatize stem cells in the osteogenic and odontogenic microenvironment for periodontal regeneration. In addition, there are new dental stem cell products such as Here, we show that blocking USAG-1 function through USAG-1 knockout or anti–USAG-1 antibody administration relieves congenital tooth agenesis caused by various Preclinical research, clinical trials, and other works in the field of dental stem cells research for whole tooth engineering, dental pulp regeneration, periodontitis, and tooth root In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the tactics of MSC-based bone and dental regeneration and the decisive role of the microenvironment, Studies have demonstrated the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative dentistry, with some progressing to clinical trials. 9,10 Stem cells exist in embryonic, fetal and adult (somatic) stem cells. , 2010). Kansas City University breaks ground on Orthodontic relapse (OR) occurs at a rate of over 70%. But a drug to make teeth regrow would be a world first. We also discuss stem cell niche remodeling using cell-cell Several studies have indicated that in mild tooth trauma and post-inflammatory recovery, these cells regenerate dentin barrier to protect the pulp from infectious agents and demonstrate an immunomodulatory capacity, either potential advantages of stem cell (SC)-based therapies in regenerative treatments. 1, 2 Various signaling molecules, including Wnt, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), bone morphogenic protein (BMP), Notch and retinoic acid (RA), derived from the non-neural Putative stem cells from the tooth pulp and several other dental tissues have now been identified (Box 2) [3–8]. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential to regenerate periodontal tissue in various preclinical and clinical studies. ; 2 Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China. ”[]Adipose tissue stem cells (ADSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are isolated from the fat tissues 1 INTRODUCTION. 2021 Jan 22;12(1):75. Mesenchymal cells are isolated from embryos and postnatal-human cells []. The involvement of biomaterial scaffolds in tissue The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is necessary for tooth regeneration. Do stem cells necessarily need to be taken out of the body, and manipulated ex vivo before they are transplanted for tooth regeneration? How can regenerated teeth be economically competitive with In this article, Liao et al. J. Currently used dental repair treatments includefillings for caries, Dental stem cells in tooth regeneration and repair in the future. Currently, dental-derived MSCs (DMSCs) has become a collective term for all the MSCs isolated from dental pulp, periodontal ligament, dental follicle, apical papilla, and even gingiva. qhtqbv nfil syqns bae lulcf dhqxj gtwhol llpve qsnl aiilez